THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE “GREEN” ECONOMY FOR TAJIKISTAN

In official documents on the development of the “green” economy, different states emphasize different aspects. Developed countries emphasize competition and jobs, while developing countries emphasize sustainable development, solutions to poverty, and issues of social justice and public participation. The BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa), for their part, are focused on the efficient use of resources. Actual environmental problems, primarily the limits of ecological development, are clearly absent in any of the documents, which proves that the economy itself and socio-economic components are the most important parts of the “green” economy.

In the short and medium term, the green sector of the economy and, in particular, its component of clean energy may become increasingly important. The prospects of the “green” industry and the overall economic development of Tajikistan are closely linked to progress in the energy sector, especially with the development of alternative energy technologies.

The Republic of Tajikistan has made significant progress in the development of the “green economy”. As you know, thanks to hydropower, Tajikistan ranks first among the CIS countries in the production of environmentally friendly electricity. The present and future development of all branches of the national economy of the country depends on the use of the main wealth — hydropower resources. Without the development of energy, as well as modern communications, no country in the world can progress.

In this regard, at the initiative of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan, the reconstruction and construction of hydroelectric power plants will continue, and soon the production of electric vehicles, electric buses and electric trolleybuses will begin in the country, which is a logical continuation of the policy of development of the “green economy”.

The highest goal of Tajikistan’s long-term development is to raise the standard of living of the country’s population on the basis of ensuring sustainable economic development. In accordance with the National Development Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period up to 2030, approved by the Resolution of the Majlisi Namoyandagon Majlisi Oli of the Republic of Tajikistan dated December 1, 2016, No. 3666, the next 15 years are defined to achieve this lofty goal – ensuring energy independence and efficient use of electricity.

Also, on September 30, 2022, the strategy for the development of the “green” economy for 2023-2037 was adopted. The purpose of the strategy is to carry out institutional reforms, ensure the effective use of natural capital, attract investment, introduce modern and innovative technologies, strengthen international cooperation in the direction of a “green” economy.

As you know, energy is the engine of scientific and technological progress and one of the driving forces of economic development of any country. Given the importance of the energy sector in the state policy of Tajikistan, there is a need for specific legal regulation of issues related to the development of this sector. In this important field of energy, it is necessary to eliminate the problems and shortcomings of the existing legal system, as well as take measures for the rational and economical use of the country’s energy resources and capabilities, the proper and efficient use of existing energy facilities.

Tajikistan has huge hydropower resources and clean water, the rational use of which will benefit not only the residents of the country, but also the countries of the region. The Leader of the nation, President of the Republic of Tajikistan Emomali Rahmon in his Message to the Majlisi Oli emphasizes that the implementation of projects in the energy sector has allowed to increase the volume of electricity generation in the country. The widespread use of renewable energy sources, especially water resources, is one of the main sources of “green energy” and the development of a “green economy”. Today, 98% of our country’s electricity is generated from renewable energy sources, mainly using water resources, and Tajikistan ranks sixth in the world in terms of the percentage of “green energy” production. Tajikistan is also one of the countries with the lowest volume of gas emissions. In this regard, the production and use of “green energy” is one of the priorities of the competitiveness of our country’s economy.

Jahongul RUSTAMOVA,

Master’s degree student of Academy